CONFIDENTIAL IPO FILING (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 – Economy)

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Context: Several companies have opted for confidential pre-filing of initial public offering (IPO) papers, the latest being Swiggy.

Confidential IPO Filing

  • About: It is an optional mechanism enabled by Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) in 2022, by making amendments to the Issue of Capital and Disclosure Regulations (ICDR).
  • Confidential Nature: Unlike the traditional route, pre-filings of PDRHP are kept confidential from the public.
  • This confidentiality allows companies to strategize and plan without immediate market scrutiny.
  • Timing Determination: The Company retains the discretion to decide when to make the DRHP public, including determining the timing of the issue.


Have Indian firms taken this route?

  • Tata Play was the first Indian firm to undertake confidential IPO filings in December 2022.
  • Oravel Stays, the parent company of Oyo, and Swiggy are among the notable Indian firms that have followed this approach.
  • Global Practice: US, the UK and Canada have a practice where prior to filing, the offer documents can be submitted for preliminary review by regulatory authorities.

Advantages

  • Protecting Sensitive Data: Business filings contain sensitive information such as financial data and trade secrets.
  • Confidential filings prevent competitors from accessing strategic plans and market strategies.
  • Safeguarding Issuers’ Interests: Confidential filing protects issuers in case they decide to cancel their IPO plans.
  • Enhanced Due Diligence: Pre-filing confidential IPO papers enable due diligence discussions with regulatory authorities.
  • Compliance Preparation: Confidential filing provides time to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.

Disadvantages

  • This can disrupt investor expectations. 
  • The process of pre-filing confidential IPO papers, with PDRHP (pre-filed DRHP), UDRHP 1 (updated DRHP), UDRHP 2, etc., can be more complex and time-consuming compared to the traditional route. 
  • This can result in higher IPO expenses, including legal and advisory fees.


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