Context: Big push for charging infrastructure is a must for Electric Vehicles (EVs) penetration
Efforts to promote Electric Vehicles (EVs):
Policy to phase out fossil-fuel vehicles by 2030
Strict emission laws.
Preferential treatment FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles) and FAME 2 policies: There is preferential treatment for EVs in terms of tax rates (charged at 12 %).
Charging infrastructure: The 2020 Budget made provisions to set up 2,600 public-charging stations in cities and another 1,700 along highways.
Constraints to the development of EVs:
Inadequate charging infrastructure: A McKinsey report has estimated India will need 5 million public charging points by 2030.
Environmental impacts: Power source for EVs are largely thermal and hence not clean.
Safety concerns: EVs are safe mechanically, but they can catch fire if the battery is exposed to heat, and batteries can even explode.
Way Forward:
Enhancing EV charging infrastructure:
Promote private investment: E.g. by incentivising apartment buildings to build charging stations.
Treat EV charging as a service: Thus enables anyone to set up and operate EV stations.
Provide lower power tariffs for EV charging.
Budgetary support for exponential growth.
Enhancing safety: Fire-safety departments and traffic police will need to be trained to neutralise such situations.
Promote fuel-cell technology: As it is cleaner than EVs (The waste product in Hydrogen fuel cells is plain water).