30th June - AAJ KA QUALITY ENRICHMENT

Aaj Ka Quality Enrichment Program 30th June 2023 Save

KEYWORDS
The problem of few in women representation:

Meaning: It refers to the underrepresentation of women in various fields, positions of power, leadership roles, and decision-making processes.
Usage: In Less women representation at higher posts in civil services, in the parliament, in judiciary, in military forces.
Extended Use: Problem of few in representation of - SCs/STs/OBCs, divyangjans, Problem of few in measures taken in - environmental measures/green washing, reforms in civil services, etc.

Mirror of society to Guide of Society:

Meaning: Mirror of society refers to the reflection and representation of societal values and issues in art, literature, and media,
Guide of society suggests a more active role in influencing and shaping society.
Usage: It can be used in:
Parliament/Art & culture/Media/ women representation/Education level and technological advancements etc.

Working in silos to congenial ecosystem:

Meaning: Working in silos: It refers to a situation where individuals or groups within an organization or system operate independently, with limited collaboration, communication, or coordination between them.
Congenial ecosystem: It suggests a harmonious and collaborative environment where different individuals or groups work together synergistically towards common goals.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to Cooperative federalism, ministerial or departmental cooperation, civil services reforms, programme implementation, Infrastructure creation and urbanization etc.

From Top-down political patronage to Bottom-up dependence:

Meaning: Top-down political patronage: It refers to the power of political actors to appoint trusted individuals by discretion to nonelective positions in the public sector.
Bottom-up dependence: It means delegating decision-making powers from top levels of governance to the local level.
Usage: It can be used in Structure, Organization, and Functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary - Ministries and Departments of the Government, Government Policies and Interventions, Important Aspects of Governance, Transparency and Accountability, Cooperative federalism (PRIs), etc.

CASE STUDIES/ EXAMPLES
Step to strengthen research eco-system in the country:

Union Cabinet recently approved the introduction of the National Research Foundation (NRF) Bill, 2023 in the Parliament.
Aim:
To seed, grow and promote Research and Development (R&D) and foster a culture of research and innovation throughout India’s universities, colleges, research institutions, and R&D laboratories.
To “forge collaboration between the industry, academia, government departments, and research institutions”
Significan

KEY FACTS

Logistics cost in India:
National Logistic Policy, 2022: The foremost objective of the policy is to lower the logistics cost in India from its estimated 14% of GDP to a global best of around 8 % by 2030.
The policy also aims to make Indian goods more competitive and promotes economic growth and job opportunities in the sector.

Digital payments in panchayats:
According to Ministry of Panchayati Raj, almost 98% of the panchayats has started UPI based payments.
Payments worth more than ?1.5 lakh crore have been made through the Public Financial Management System (PMFS).

PM/VP/PRESIDENT SPEECHES
PM Speech on Investment opportunity in India:

India is an investment destination for global investors.
India is emerging as a key player in the global supply chain, with several companies planning to shift their manufacturing base from China due to geopolitical risks.
India’s strong economic growth and large market has also attracted interest from global investors.
India has been described as a bright spot for its robust growth against the backdrop of gloomy growth prospects for the world economy.

JUDGEMENTS/ COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION
Supreme court on FRs vs. Religious/Customary rights:

In Indian Young Lawyers Association case (2018):
SC said that in the constitutional order of priorities, the right to religious freedom is to be exercised in a manner consonant with the vision underlying the provisions of Part III (Fundamental Rights).”
Personal laws should be constitutionally compliant and in conformity with the norms of gender equality and the right to live with dignity.

DEFINITION
Gravitational waves:

Definition: Gravitational waves are ripples, or disturbances, produced in the fabric of spacetime/universe by large moving objects or some of the most violent and powerful events, something similar to the ripples produced on the surface of water by a moving boat.
The existence of gravitational waves was predicted by Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity in 1916, but its experimental confirmation came only in 2015.

Fiscal Federalism:

Definition: Fiscal federalism refers to the financial relations between Union Government and the state governments.
It entails the division of responsibilities in respect of taxation and public expenditure among the different layers of the government, namely the Center, the states and the local bodies.
Cooperative federalism: It means a combination of cooperation and interdependence between the Centre and the States to ensure smooth governance of the country.

QUOTES
Quote on Liberty: “So long as you do not achieve social liberty, whatever freedom is provided by the law is of no avail to you”. - B R AMBEDKAR

Meaning: The statement suggests that legal freedom alone is insufficient if social liberty or true societal freedom is not achieved.
It emphasizes that mere adherence to laws and regulations does not guarantee genuine freedom and well-being for individuals or communities.
Quote on Imagination: “Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination.” - JOHN DEWEY
Meaning: It suggests that significant advancements in science often emerge from an imaginative approach.
It implies that breakthroughs in scientific knowledge and understanding require scientists to venture beyond existing boundaries, challenge conventional thinking, and explore new possibilities through their imagination.