20th July - AAJ KA QUALITY ENRICHMENT

KEYWORDS

Restoration, revival and rehabilitation (3Rs) of natural ecosystem:

• Meaning: The 3Rs, which stand for Restoration, Revival, and Rehabilitation, are critical approaches to conserve and revitalise natural ecosystems that have been damaged, degraded, or altered by human activities or natural disasters. 
• Usage: It can be used in questions related to – environment and climate change, conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem, disaster management, forest degradation and deforestation etc.

Tapping the “China plus one” opportunity: 

• Meaning: It refers to a strategy that some businesses and investors are adopting to diversify their manufacturing and supply chain operations beyond China. 
• It involves setting up additional production facilities or sourcing goods from countries other than China while still maintaining a significant presence in China as a primary manufacturing base.
• Usage: It can be used in questions related to India’s opportunity as hub of global investor, supply chain and global trade, international relations, India as $5 trillion economy and developed nation etc.

Nail in the coffin of poverty - growth and jobs:

• Meaning: It signifies the transformative power of economic growth and job creation in eradicating poverty. 
• It highlights the idea that sustained economic growth and increased employment opportunities are essential elements for lifting people out of poverty and improving their living standards.
• Usage: It can be used in questions related to – poverty and hunger, employment and unemployment, India’s growth and development, sustainable and inclusive growth, etc.

From Job Seekers to Job Givers: 

• Meaning: It reflects a shift in mindset and approach where individuals emphasize the importance of fostering an entrepreneurial culture and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to drive economic growth and job creation.
• Usage: It can be used questions related to entrepreneurship and start-ups, unemployment and job creation, India’s manufacturing industry, skill development and human resources etc.

CASE STUDIES/ EXAMPLES

Step towards electric mobility:

• Case: Goa.
• Step taken: Starting from 2024, all new tourist vehicles in the state will be mandated to be electric, signifying a significant leap in Goa’s journey towards sustainable mobility. 
• Additionally, permit holders overseeing multiple vehicles, including rental cars and bikes in Goa, have pledged to electrify 30% of their fleet through retrofitting by June 2024, contributing to the state's electrification efforts.
• Significan

KEY FACTS

Key facts related to challenges in health sector: Health Ministry data on nursing institutions:

• Lack of colleges and training institutes: No nursing colleges in 40% of districts across India.
• About 64% of the nursing workforce is currently trained in just eight states.
• Regional disparity: 42% of nursing institutions are clustered in five southern States, while three western States have 17%.
• Only 2% of nursing colleges are in the northeastern states.

PM/VP/PRESIDENT SPEECHES

Prime Minister vision of electric mobility: 

• The PM of India has given seven Cs framework for EVs - Common, Connected, Convenient, Congestion-free, Charged, Clean, and Cutting-edge.
• India’s electric mobility framework needs: low-cost financing framework, a robust charging infrastructure, and collaborative efforts among central, state, and city authorities, all underpinned by a consistent policy framework.

JUDGEMENTS/ COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION

Justice J.S. Verma Committee (2013) report on Marital Rape:

• Current Law: Under the IPC sexual intercourse without consent is prohibited.  However, an exception to the offence of rape exists in relation to un-consented sexual intercourse by a husband upon a wife. 
• Recommendation: The committee has recommended for removal of the exception for marital rape.
• Marriage should not be considered as an irrevocable consent to sexual acts. 

DEFINITION

Indian ocean dipole (IOD): 

• Definition: It is an ocean-atmosphere interaction very similar to the El Nino playing out in the Indian Ocean (between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west) but much weaker system than El Nino, and thus has relatively limited impacts. In this, one side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other.
• It is sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino.
• Positive IOD: When the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is goof for India.
• Negative IOD: When the western Indian Ocean is cooler. Not favorable for India.

Guaranteed minimum income:

• Definition: It is a social-welfare system in which rather than providing equal and unrestricted cash payments to every resident, it aims for providing cash payments to specific, targeted communities of people with the express goal of addressing income inequality.  
• Different from Universal basic income: Universal basic income is an income support mechanism typically intended to reach all (or a very large portion of the population) with no (or minimal) conditions.

QUOTES

Quote on Pursuit of Power: “Politics is war without bloodshed while war is politics with bloodshed” - MAO ZEDONG

• Meaning: The quote suggests the idea that there are parallels between politics and warfare. 
• Both politics and war involve the pursuit of power, influence, and control over resources or territory, but they differ in the means used to achieve their objectives.

Quote on Perseverance and Consistency: “Great things are done by a series of small things brought together”. - VINCENT VAN GOGH

• Meaning: The quote conveys the idea that significant achievements and accomplishments are often the result of gradual progress and the accumulation of small efforts or contributions. 
• It emphasizes the importance of perseverance, consistency, and collaboration in achieving remarkable outcomes.