15th June - AAJ KA QUALITY ENRICHMENT

KEYWORDS

3 Cs of policy making: Conviction, credibility & collaboration:

• Meaning: 
• Conviction: The belief and commitment of policymakers in the policy they are advocating for.
• Credibility: Refers to the trustworthiness and reliability of the policymakers and the policy itself. 
• Collaboration: Emphasizes the importance of involving various stakeholders and experts in the policy development process. 
• Usage: It can be used in policy making & implementation (citizens participation, trust-based & good governance, social auditing, NGOs, civil society), center-state collaboration, civil service reforms. 
• 3 Cs of policy can also be used as Clarity, Consistency, and Coherence.

From ‘Virtual Panacea’ to ‘Integrated solution:

• Meaning: 
• Virtual panacea: Relying wholly on tech solution like AI, Big data etc.
• Integrated Solution: A holistic approach that considers multiple factors and perspectives (including humans & physical spaces) when designing policies.
• Usage: It can be used in way forward in questions related to Technology (open AI, data use) as a solution, technology-human integration (education, tourism, health, e-governance, Fintech), also in challenges with disruptive technologies (AI, IoT, deepfakes, deep & dark web) etc.

Digitally Empowered Citizen and Digitally Transformed Institution:

• Meaning: 
• Digitally empowered citizen: Citizens with knowledge, skills, and access to digital technologies, enabling active participation in the digital world and derive maximum benefit from digital resources and services.
• Digitally transformed institution: Institutions that embrace digital technologies and integrate them into its operations, processes, and culture. 
• Usage: It can be used in questions related to digital India, digital inclusion, e-governance, citizens centric administration, transparency & accountability of institutions, financial inclusion, etc.

Prism of user harm/ safety/ trust:

• Meaning: It refers to the approach through which policies are made keeping in mind the safety and trust of the public. 
• Usage: Urbanization, Population and demographic dividend, Sci & Tech (digitalization and cyber threats), Infrastructure creation and land acquisition etc.

Techade: Technology and Decade:

• Meaning: Techade is a blend of technology and decade i.e., a decade powered by the impact of technology. 
• Prime Minister called this decade a "techade" for India and the push for 5G, semiconductors and transformation through digital services is going to boost the technology sector in the country.
• Usage: Disruptive technologies (AI, IoT, quantum computing), Manufacturing (Industry 4.0), Digitalisation (E-health, e-learning), Skill development, Education, Agriculture (Use of drones & satellites), Urbanization (Use of camera, drones, satellite, AI & big data), Security, IR, etc.

CASE STUDIES/ EXAMPLES

• Steps taken to improve port efficiency in India:
• Large investments in the upgradation of infrastructure in the ports and shipping sector in the past few years. 
• Reforms, induction of new technologies, 
• A greater thrust on public-private partnership and an overall commitment to the ease of doing business.
• Harit Sagar Green Port guidelines: Aims to bring about a paradigm shift towards safe, efficient and sustainable ports while implementing sound environmental practices among all stakeholders.
• National Logistics Portal (Marine): A single-window digital platform for all stakeholders.
• Major Port Authorities Act, 2021, Marine Aids to Navigation Act, 2021.

KEY FACTS

• World Bank’s Logistic Performance Index (LPI) Report 2023: 
• India is secured 38th rank on the LPI score.
• International Shipments category: India has moved up to 22nd rank from the 44th position in 2014. 
• There has been a 14-fold increase in the use of renewable energy in major ports over the last eight years. 
• Four of the major ports now generate more renewable energy than their total energy needs. 
• Substantial reduction in the dwell time and improved port operational efficiency.
• Export of sea-food from India:
• India achieved an all-time high export of seafood both in terms of volume and value (both US$ and Rupee).
• Top 3 importers of India’s seafood: USA, China, EU.
• Major export item: Frozen shrimp (in terms of both quantity and value).

PM/VP/PRESIDENT SPEECHES
PM speech on use of sustainable materials: There is a need to prioritize the utilization of sustainable materials such as plastic waste and fly ash, resulting in both cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness.

• A perfect blend of sustainable development and enhanced connectivity. It will also boost economic growth.

Supreme court on law and order: 

• Law & order is a state issue. 
• The district administration is bound to take action against any illegalities that threaten the peace. 
• The high court is eminently suitable for addressing any instance of dereliction in duty by police. 

DEFINITION
Green hydrogen: 

• Definition: It is produced using electrolysis of water with electricity generated by renewable energy. 
• Brown Hydrogen: Hydrogen produced from coal. It is the most environmentally damaging.
• Grey Hydrogen: Hydrogen produced from natural gas or petroleum.
• Blue Hydrogen: Brown or grey hydrogen production combined with carbon capture and storage/sequestration to reduce carbon emissions.
• According to WEF, Green hydrogen could be a critical enabler of the global transition to sustainable energy and net zero emissions economies.

Uniform Civil Code:

• Definition: Uniform Civil Code refers to a single law, applicable to all citizens of India in their personal matters such as marriage, divorce, custody, adoption, inheritance, etc. irrespective of their religion.
• Provided in the Constitution under Article 44 of Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), it states that it is the duty of the state to secure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India.

QUOTES
Quote on Agriculture: “If agriculture goes wrong, nothing else will have a chance to go right”.  -   MS SWAMINATHAN

• Meaning: It highlights the fundamental importance of agriculture in society. Agriculture plays a crucial role in providing food security, supporting economies, and sustaining livelihoods.

Quote on Motivation: “Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see a shadow.”  - Helen Keller

• Meaning: Maintaining a positive, optimistic attitude to life is the best way to avoid being overtaken by negative, pessimistic thoughts. 
• The unpredictable difficulties tear-you-to-pieces thing called life. Yet for all its negatives you should not turn your back on life. 
• Face it and keep trying to make it through each day. You will probably find that the road you paved yesterday has been dug up again tomorrow.