12th July - AAJ KA QUALITY ENRICHMENT

Aaj Ka Quality Enrichment Program 12th July 2023 Save

KEYWORDS
Trailblazer for Digital Public Infrastructure:

Meaning: It refers to an individual, organization, or government entity that takes a leading role in developing, implementing, or advocating for the establishment of digital public infrastructure.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to - Privacy bill, broadband networks, data centers, cloud computing, open data initiatives, cybersecurity measures, and digital identity frameworks etc.

Institutional silencing:

Meaning: It refers to the phenomenon where any institution, organizations or institutions discourage or prevent individuals from expressing dissenting opinions, sharing critical feedback, or raising concerns about issues within the institution.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to - Male hierarchy and women subjugation, caste and religion, ethnic ghettos, leadership quality and individual empowerment, whistleblowers etc.

Colour blind universalism/Americanisation:

Meaning: It refers to the process through which societies or individuals adopt or are influenced by aspects of American culture, values, or practices.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to - Globalization and its impacts, society and change in culture and tradition, democratization etc.

Integration should be the new Mantra, working in silos is over:

Meaning: It emphasizes the importance of collaboration, coordination, and communication across different domains, disciplines, or groups to achieve shared goals and address complex challenges.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to Centre-state relation, good governance, civil services reforms, international relations, infrastructure creation, urbanization, trade and supply chain etc.

CASE STUDIES/ EXAMPLES
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to prevent suicide cases:

Case: AIIMS, Delhi.
Steps taken: The All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) have started to work on an artificial intelligence or AI-based chatbot to aid in mental health and suicide prevention to assess depression/anxiety and provide interventions to save lives.
How it will work?
Focusing ono four things - attention (deep listening), affection (deep caring), appreciation (you are unique), and acceptance (sense of safety).
Example of internationalization of rupee:
Bangladesh and India recently launched the much-anticipated trade transaction in rupees, a move aimed at reducing dependence on the US dollar and strengthening regional currency and trade.
Benefit: Transaction costs in trade with India would reduce with the introduction of the taka-rupee dual currency card.
Significan

KEY FACTS
Criminalization of Politics: Key Facts:

About 44% of sitting MLAs have a criminal case.
The current Lok Sabha also has 43% of MP with criminal cases increased from 22% in 2004.

India’s Forest Cover: Key Facts:

ISFR 2021: India claims that 24.62% of its area is under forest and tree cover.
National Forest policy, 1988: India has committed to increasing this number to 33%.
Increased in forest and tree cover: There is an increase of 0.22% of forest cover and 0.76% of tree cover compared to the 2019 report.

Global Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI):

Released by: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)
A total of more than 400 million people moved out of poverty in India within just 15 years from 2005/2006 to 2019/2021.
India was among the 19 countries that halved their global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) between 2005/2006 to 2015/2016.
India progressed significantly in all three deprivation indicators: Health, education, and the standard of living.

PM/VP/PRESIDENT SPEECHES
President’s Speech on Higher education:

The institutions of higher education are among the most effective platforms for promoting the Constitutional ideals of justice, equality, fraternity, individual dignity, and respect for women.

JUDGEMENTS/ COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION
Supreme Court on Enforcement Directorate (ED):

SC has recently upheld the 2021 amendments which were introduced to the Central Vigilance Commission Act, the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, and the Fundamental Rules allowing them a maximum of 3 annual extensions.
CBI and ED chiefs have fixed tenure of two years.

DEFINITION
Flash floods:

Definition: Flash floods refer to a situation where excessive or continuous rainfall over a period of days, or during particular seasons, can lead to stagnation of water and cause flooding in a much shorter span of time, and are highly localised.
The US’s meteorological agency, the National Weather Service, says flash floods are caused when rainfall creates flooding in less than 6 hours.
It adds that flash floods can also be caused by factors apart from rainfall, like when water goes beyond the levels of a dam.
In India, flash floods are often associated with cloudbursts – sudden, intense rainfall in a short period of time.

Multidimensional poverty:

Definition: According to UNDP, multi-dimensional poverty looks at how people experience poverty in multiple, overlapping ways which compasses three dimensions of poverty i.e., health, education and standard of living.

QUOTES

Quote on importance of infrastructure: “Infrastructure creates the form of a city and enables life to go on in a city, in a certain way” - PAUL GOLDBERGER
Meaning: This quote highlights the importance of infrastructure which plays a crucial role in shaping the form and functionality of cities while providing the necessary services and resources for residents.
It encompasses the physical structures, systems, and facilities that support and enable various activities and functions within urban areas.