{"id":4383,"date":"2025-07-09T21:09:15","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T15:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2025-10-15T13:41:34","modified_gmt":"2025-10-15T08:11:34","slug":"uttar-pradesh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/","title":{"rendered":"Uttar Pradesh: Map, Districts, History, Polity, Culture, Tribes, Rivers, National Parks"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<label class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Table of Contents<\/label>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #127abf;color:#127abf\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #127abf;color:#127abf\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#UP_Districts_List_2025\" >UP Districts List 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Historical_Background_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Historical Background of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Geography_and_Climate_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Geography and Climate of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Demographics_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Demographics of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#State_Symbols_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >State Symbols of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Uttar_Pradesh_Polity_and_Administrative_Structure\" >Uttar Pradesh Polity and Administrative Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Tribes_in_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Tribes in Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Culture_and_Traditions_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Culture and Traditions of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Uttar_Pradesh_National_Parks_and_Wildlife_Sanctuaries\" >Uttar Pradesh National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Economic_Profile_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Economic Profile of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Mineral_Resources_in_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Mineral Resources in Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Unique_and_Notable_Facts_About_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Unique and Notable Facts About Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/uttar-pradesh\/#Uttar_Pradesh_FAQs\" >Uttar Pradesh FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4385\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133735.png?resize=257%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133735.png?resize=257%2C300&amp;ssl=1 257w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133735.png?w=567&amp;ssl=1 567w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 257px) 100vw, 257px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Courtesy: Maps of India<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh is a northern state of India. It plays an important role in the country\u2019s cultural and political landscape. It is known for its ancient cities, religious significance, and demographic strength, the state combines a rich historical legacy with modern administrative structures. It spans 243,286 square kilometers. It is the fourth-largest state in India by area and the most populous, with over 199 million residents as per the 2011 Census. The state capital Lucknow, serves as the administrative hub, while cities like Kanpur, Varanasi, Agra, and Noida contribute significantly to the state&#8217;s development.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UP_Districts_List_2025\"><\/span><b>UP Districts List 2025<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh comprises the largest number of districts of all states in India. Below is a table listing all the <\/span><b>districts of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>S.No<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>District<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Population (2011 Census)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Area (sq km)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>1<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Agra<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,418,797<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,027<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>2<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Aligarh<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,673,889<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,650<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>3<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ambedkar Nagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,397,888<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,350<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>4<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Amethi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,540,956<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,321<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>5<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Amroha<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,840,221<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,321<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>6<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Auraiya<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,379,545<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,054<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>7<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Azamgarh<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,613,913<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,054<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>8<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Badaun<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,681,896<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,168<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>9<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Bagpat<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,303,048<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,321<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>10<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Bahraich<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,487,731<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,967<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>11<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ballia<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,239,774<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,981<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>12<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Balrampur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,148,665<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,264<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>13<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Banda<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,799,410<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,408<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>14<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Barabanki<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,260,699<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>15<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Bareilly<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,448,359<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,120<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>16<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Basti<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,461,056<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,688<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>17<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sant Ravidas Nagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,554,203<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,015<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>18<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Bijnor<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,682,713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,561<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>19<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Bulandshahr<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,499,171<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,512<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>20<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Chandauli<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,952,756<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,484<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>21<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Chitrakoot<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">991,730<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,216<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>22<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Deoria<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,100,946<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,535<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>23<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Etah<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,774,480<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,431<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>24<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Etawah<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,581,810<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,311<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>25<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ayodhya<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,470,996<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,764<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>26<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Farrukhabad<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,885,204<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,279<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>27<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Fatehpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,632,733<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,152<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>28<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Firozabad<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,498,156<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,362<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>29<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Gautam Buddha Nagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,648,115<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,269<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>30<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ghaziabad<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,681,645<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,956<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>31<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ghazipur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,622,727<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,377<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>32<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Gonda<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,433,919<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,003<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>33<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Gorakhpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,440,895<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,321<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>34<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Hamirpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,104,285<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,121<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>35<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Hapur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,338,211<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,774<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>36<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Hardoi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,092,845<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,986<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>37<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Hathras<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,564,708<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,800<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>38<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Jalaun<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,689,974<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,565<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>39<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Jaunpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,476,072<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,038<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>40<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Jhansi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,000,755<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,024<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>41<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kannauj<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,656,616<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,275<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>42<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kanpur Dehat<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,796,184<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,021<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>43<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kanpur Nagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,581,268<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,155<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>44<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kasganj<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,436,719<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,993<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>45<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kaushambi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,599,596<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,901<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>46<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kheri<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,021,243<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7,680<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>47<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Kushinagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,564,544<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,873<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>48<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Lalitpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,221,592<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,039<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>49<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Lucknow<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,589,838<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,528<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>50<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Maharajganj<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,684,703<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,951<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>51<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mahoba<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">875,958<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,884<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>52<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mainpuri<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,868,529<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,760<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>53<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mathura<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,541,894<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,340<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>54<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mau<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,205,968<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,713<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>55<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Meerut<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,443,689<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,599<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>56<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mirzapur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,496,970<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,405<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>57<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Moradabad<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,772,006<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,648<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>58<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Muzaffarnagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,143,512<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,008<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>59<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Pilibhit<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,037,225<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,686<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>60<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Pratapgarh<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,209,141<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,717<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>61<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Prayagraj<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,954,391<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,482<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>62<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Rae Bareli<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,405,559<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,609<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>63<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Rampur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,335,398<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,367<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>64<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Saharanpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,466,382<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,860<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>65<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sambhal<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,219,331<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,457<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>66<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sant Kabir Nagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,715,183<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,624<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>67<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Shahjahanpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,006,538<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,575<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>68<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Shamli<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,271,780<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,271<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>69<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Shravasti<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,117,361<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,126<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>70<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Siddharthnagar<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,559,297<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,752<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>71<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sitapur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,483,992<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,743<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>72<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sonbhadra<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,862,559<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6,905<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>73<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sultanpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,797,117<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,436<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>74<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Unnao<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,108,367<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4,558<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>75<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Varanasi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,676,841<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,535<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also Read: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/districts-of-uttar-pradesh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Districts of Uttar Pradesh Full List 2025<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Background_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Historical Background of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4386\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133840.png?resize=249%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"249\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133840.png?resize=249%2C300&amp;ssl=1 249w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133840.png?w=613&amp;ssl=1 613w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px\" \/><br \/>\nUttar Pradesh has a deep-rooted history that includes the ancient city of Varanasi, mythological Ayodhya, and historical centers like Prayagraj and Mathura. The region was ruled by prominent dynasties such as the Mauryas, Guptas, Kushans, and the Delhi Sultanate.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the medieval era, it witnessed the influence of the Mughals, particularly under Akbar, who made Agra and Fatehpur Sikri prominent capitals. After India\u2019s independence, the United Provinces was renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950, forming the current political entity.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Also Read:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/indian-states-and-their-capitals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indian States and Their Capitals<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geography_and_Climate_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Geography and Climate of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4387\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133930.png?resize=300%2C228&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133930.png?resize=300%2C228&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-133930.png?w=379&amp;ssl=1 379w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also Read: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/union-territories-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Union Territories of India List<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh is located in northern India, bordered by Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh to the north, Haryana, Delhi, and Rajasthan to the west, Madhya Pradesh to the south, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand to the southeast, and Bihar to the east. The state features the fertile Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Himalayan foothills in the north, and a network of rivers including the Ganga and Yamuna.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Category<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Geographical Features<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Northern Plains<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Gangetic Plain, Terai Belt)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Plateaus &amp; Hills<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Vindhya Range, Bundelkhand Plateau)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>River systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gomti, Ramganga, Betwa, Ken, Son<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Longest river<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Ganga (~1,140 km in UP; total length ~2,525 km)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Shortest major river<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Gomti (~960 km total length)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Highest peak<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Amsot Peak (957 m in Sonbhadra, Vindhya Range)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Lowest point<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Gangetic Plains (~60 m elevation)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Rich in minerals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (limestone \u2013 Mirzapur, coal \u2013 Sonbhadra, silica sand) and <\/span><b>biodiversity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Dudhwa National Park, Chandra Prabha Sanctuary, Terai grasslands)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Climate Type<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Humid Subtropical<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (most of UP), <\/span><b>Semi-Arid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Bundelkhand &amp; western UP)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Seasons<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Summer (Mar\u2013Jun)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Hot (30\u201348\u00b0C; Bundelkhand &amp; Agra hottest)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Monsoon (Jun\u2013Sep)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Southwest monsoon (moderate-heavy rainfall; Terai &amp; eastern UP wettest)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Post-Monsoon (Oct\u2013Nov)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Retreating monsoon (occasional showers)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Winter (Dec\u2013Feb)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Cool (5\u201325\u00b0C; coldest in Bareilly &amp; Saharanpur)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Climate Variation<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Gangetic Plains (Central UP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Moderate rainfall (800\u20131,000 mm)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Bundelkhand &amp; Western UP<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Semi-arid (&lt;700 mm)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Eastern UP (Gorakhpur, Varanasi)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Humid (&gt;1,100 mm)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Terai Belt (Lakhimpur, Pilibhit)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: High rainfall (1,200+ mm)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Agra-Mathura Belt<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Dry &amp; hot (low rainfall, ~600 mm)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Also Read:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/meghalaya\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meghalaya<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-5575\" style=\"width: 100%;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-107-0 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-5575 ml-slider has-dots-nav ms-theme-default-base\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"New Slideshow\" data-height=\"300\" data-width=\"700\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_5575\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_5575\">\n            <ul aria-live='off' class='slides'>\n                <li style=\"display: block; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5579 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"400-X-180cdr-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/mains\/upsc-qep-2026-batch-5-english\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/400-X-180cdr-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5579 msDefaultImage\" title=\"400 X 180cdr\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5580 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"pocket-notes-website-400x180-1-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/upsc-cse-books\/qep-pocket-notes-2.0\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pocket-notes-website-400x180-1-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5580 msDefaultImage\" title=\"pocket-notes-website-400x180\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5581 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"web-site-banner-toppers-book.-400x180-1-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/upsc-cse-books\/toppers-handwritten-upsc-pyq-4-books\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/web-site-banner-toppers-book.-400x180-1-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5581 msDefaultImage\" title=\"web site banner toppers book. 400x180\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Demographics_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Demographics of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per the 2011 Census, Uttar Pradesh had a population of 199.8 million, making it the most populous state in India. The population density stands at 828 persons per square kilometer, higher than the national average. The sex ratio is 912 females per 1000 males, below the national average but improving in recent years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Literacy Rate:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The state recorded a literacy rate of 67.7%, with male literacy at 77.3% and female literacy at 57.2%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Languages Spoken:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hindi (official language)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urdu (significant minority)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Awadhi (central UP)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bhojpuri (eastern UP)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Braj Bhasha (western UP)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bundeli (southern UP)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">English (used in business\/education)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Also Read:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/manipur\/%20%E2%80%8E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manipur<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"State_Symbols_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>State Symbols of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4388\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-145903.png?resize=300%2C226&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-145903.png?resize=300%2C226&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-145903.png?w=322&amp;ssl=1 322w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each state has its own symbols. Following are the state symbols of Uttar Pradesh:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Symbol<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Name<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State Animal<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swamp Deer (Barasingha)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State Bird<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sarus Crane<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State Tree<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ashoka Tree<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State Flower<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Palash (Flame of the Forest)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These symbols reflect Uttar Pradesh\u2019s ecological diversity (e.g., Sarus Crane as the world\u2019s tallest flying bird) and cultural significance (e.g., Ashoka tree in Buddhist heritage).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Also Read:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/?p=3691&amp;preview=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Maharrashtra<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uttar_Pradesh_Polity_and_Administrative_Structure\"><\/span><b>Uttar Pradesh Polity and Administrative Structure<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4389\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150021.png?resize=300%2C268&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150021.png?resize=300%2C268&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150021.png?w=665&amp;ssl=1 665w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh follows a bicameral legislature, consisting of the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad).<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Category<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>State Formation<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formed on January 26, 1950, under the Indian Constitution. Previously part of the United Provinces during British rule.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Chief Minister<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yogi Adityanath (Since March 2017)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Party: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Focus: Infrastructure, law &amp; order, welfare schemes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Governor<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anandiben Patel<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; In office since July 2019<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Chief Justice (High Court)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hon\u2019ble Justice Arun Bhansali<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Assumed office: 2023<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; High Court located in Prayagraj (Allahabad High Court)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Legislature Type<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bicameral (Legislative Assembly &amp; Legislative Council)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Legislative Assembly Members<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">403 elected members<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Legislative Council Members<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">100 members (indirectly elected)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Lok Sabha Representation<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">80 Members<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Rajya Sabha Representation<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">31 Members (indirectly elected)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Districts<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">75 (as of 2024)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Local Governance Units<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Divided into divisions, districts, tehsils, and gram panchayats<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Key Notes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India and has the highest number of Lok Sabha seats.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Allahabad High Court (established in 1866) has bench circuits in Lucknow and other cities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The state is known as the &#8220;Hindi Heartland&#8221; due to its cultural and political influence.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Also Read:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/?p=3546&amp;preview=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kerala<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tribes_in_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Tribes in Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following are the tribes residing in Uttar Pradesh:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Tribe<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Region (Districts)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Key Characteristics<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Population (Approx.)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Tharu<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Terai (Lakhimpur Kheri, Bahraich, Pilibhit)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Indigenous forest dwellers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Practice agriculture &amp; fishing<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Known for unique folk dances like &#8220;Sakra&#8221;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~2.5 lakh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Buxa<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Terai Bijnor, Saharanpur<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Traditionally hunters<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Speak Buxa language (Tibeto-Burman)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Celebrate &#8220;Basant Panchami&#8221; as major festival<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~50,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Jaunsari<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dehradun (adjacent to UP)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Mixed Hindu-Tribal culture<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Wood carving &amp; woolen crafts<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Follow both Hinduism &amp; animism<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~35,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Rajjhi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sonbhadra, Mirzapur<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Dependent on forest produce<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Distinct bamboo crafts<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Worship nature deities<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~20,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Kol<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bundelkhand (Lalitpur, Jhansi)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Historically iron-smiths<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Known for &#8220;Karma&#8221; dance<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Listed as PVTG (Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~1.2 lakh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Key Notes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tharu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the largest tribe, recognized for their eco-friendly lifestyle.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Buxa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Jaunsari<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> share cultural ties with Uttarakhand tribes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kol<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> people face socio-economic challenges despite their rich cultural heritage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.P. has <\/span><b>5 Scheduled Tribes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> officially recognized under the Indian Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Culture_and_Traditions_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Culture and Traditions of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh\u2019s culture is a rich blend of ancient heritage, classical arts, and religious traditions, shaped by its history as the heartland of empires like the Mauryas, Guptas, Mughals, and Awadh. Known as the &#8220;Cultural Hub of India,&#8221; the state preserves a unique mix of folk, classical, and spiritual traditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4390\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150124.png?resize=300%2C227&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150124.png?resize=300%2C227&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Screenshot-2025-07-09-150124.png?w=321&amp;ssl=1 321w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Category<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Classical Dance<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kathak (originated in UP under Mughal &amp; Awadh patronage)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Folk Dances<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raslila (Krishna devotional dance), Charkula (women balancing lamps), Khyal (folk theatre)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Theatre &amp; Puppetry<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nautanki (folk musical drama), Swang (satirical theatre), Kathputli (string puppetry)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Folk Music<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Birha (Bhojpuri folk songs), Kajri (monsoon songs), Qawwali (Sufi devotional music)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Classical Music<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Banaras Gharana (Hindustani classical school), Lucknow Gharana (Thumri &amp; Ghazal traditions)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Major Festivals<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kumbh Mela (world\u2019s largest religious gathering), Diwali (Ayodhya celebrations), Holi (Barsana\u2019s Lathmar Holi)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Arts &amp; Crafts<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Banarasi silk sarees, Chikankari embroidery (Lucknow), Brassware (Moradabad), Zardozi work<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Architecture<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taj Mahal (UNESCO-listed Mughal marvel), Varanasi Ghats, Lucknow\u2019s Imambaras, Fatehpur Sikri (Mughal capital)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Key Notes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>UNESCO Recognitions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Religious Significance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Varanasi (oldest living city), Ayodhya (Ram Janmabhoomi), Mathura-Vrindavan (Krishna\u2019s birthplace).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Textile Legacy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Banarasi silk and Chikankari are globally renowned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cuisine:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Awadhi kebabs, Lucknowi biryani, Banarasi paan.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also Read:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/karnataka\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Karnataka<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uttar_Pradesh_National_Parks_and_Wildlife_Sanctuaries\"><\/span><b>Uttar Pradesh National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh, known for its diverse ecosystems ranging from the Terai grasslands to the Gangetic plains, hosts several protected areas. With <\/span><b>1 national park and 25 wildlife sanctuaries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the state is crucial for conserving species like tigers, elephants, and the endangered Gangetic dolphin.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Name<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Key Features<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Best Known For<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Dudhwa National Park<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Part of Terai Arc Landscape<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Swampy grasslands and dense forests<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Home to Barasingha (Swamp Deer)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Royal Bengal Tigers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>One-horned Rhinos<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (reintroduced), <\/span><b>Swamp Deer<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Pilibhit Tiger Reserve<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Lies along India-Nepal border<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Critical tiger corridor<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Riverine forests and savannas<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Tigers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Leopards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Hog Deer<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Spread across UP, MP, and Rajasthan<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Chambal River ecosystem<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Ravines and sandy banks<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Gharials<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Gangetic Dolphins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Indian Skimmers<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Along the Ganga River<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Wetlands and dry forests<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Historical significance (Mahabharata)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Blackbucks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Migratory Birds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Indian Foxes<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Kaimoor Wildlife Sanctuary<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Vindhya Range forests<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Rocky terrain and waterfalls<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Connects MP and Bihar forests<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Sloth Bears<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Leopards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Chinkaras<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_Profile_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Economic Profile of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh has a <\/span><b>mixed economy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, driven by agriculture, industry, and services. As India\u2019s largest state by population, it is a major contributor to the national GDP, with recent growth in manufacturing and infrastructure.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Category<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>GSDP (2023-24)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b924.4 lakh crore (~$290 billion)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>GSDP Growth Rate<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~7% (aligned with national average)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Per Capita Income<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b983,000 (~$1,000)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Sectoral Contribution<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agriculture (25%), Industry (25%), Services (50%)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>National GDP Share<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~9% (with 16% of India\u2019s population)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>Key Sectors Driving UP\u2019s Economy<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following are the key sectors driving the pursuit of 1 Trillion Dollar economy<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Sector<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Highlights<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Agriculture &amp; Food Processing<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Largest producer of <\/span><b>wheat, sugarcane, potatoes<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Sugar mills (Western UP)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Food parks in Greater Noida &amp; Lucknow<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Textiles &amp; Apparel<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Varanasi<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Banarasi silk), <\/span><b>Lucknow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Chikankari)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Noida &amp; Kanpur (garment hubs)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Automobiles &amp; Engineering<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Noida<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Honda, Yamaha)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Lucknow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Tata Motors)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Kanpur<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (defence manufacturing)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>IT &amp; Services<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Noida<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (India\u2019s <\/span><b>2nd largest IT hub<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after Bengaluru)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Lucknow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (TCS, HCL)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Renewable Energy<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Solar parks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Jalaun, Mirzapur)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Wind energy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Bundelkhand)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Tourism &amp; Hospitality<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; <\/span><b>Religious tourism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Varanasi, Ayodhya, Mathura)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; <\/span><b>Wildlife tourism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Dudhwa, Chambal)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>Major Industrial &amp; Infrastructure Projects<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following are the major industrial &amp; Infrastructure projects:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Project<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Investment<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Significance<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Delhi-Mumbai Expressway (UP Section)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b940,000 crore<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Connects Greater Noida to Mumbai via MP, boosting logistics<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Purvanchal Expressway<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b922,500 crore<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Links Lucknow to Ghazipur (East UP)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Defence Corridor (UP)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b920,000 crore<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nodes in <\/span><b>Agra, Kanpur, Jhansi, Chitrakoot<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (BrahMos, HAL, DRDO)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Noida International Airport<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b930,000 crore<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Jewar Airport<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (to be India\u2019s largest upon completion)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>Economic Hubs of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following are the economic hubs of Uttar Pradesh:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>City<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Key Industries<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Notable Companies<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Noida<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IT, Electronics, Automobiles<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>HCL, Samsung, Honda<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Kanpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leather, Textiles, Defence<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>JK Tyres, LML, HAL<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Lucknow<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IT, Handicrafts, Government Services<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>TCS, HCL, UP Police HQ<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Varanasi<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Silk Weaving, Tourism<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Handloom clusters, Banarasi saree exporters<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Key Notes on Uttar Pradesh&#8217;s Economy<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Largest Economy in North India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Contributes <\/span><b>9% to India\u2019s GDP<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Top Agri-Producer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Leads in <\/span><b>wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, and milk<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Textile Powerhouse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 <\/span><b>Varanasi (Banarasi silk) and Lucknow (Chikankari)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are globally renowned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>IT &amp; Startup Growth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 <\/span><b>Noida is India\u2019s 2nd largest IT hub<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, home to <\/span><b>Google, Microsoft, and Paytm<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Infrastructure Push<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 <\/span><b>Expressways (Purvanchal, Bundelkhand), Metro (Lucknow, Kanpur, Agra), and Jewar Airport<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> transforming connectivity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Renewable Energy Leader<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 <\/span><b>Solar parks in Bundelkhand<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> aim to make UP a green energy hub.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-5575\" style=\"width: 100%;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-107-0 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-5575 ml-slider has-dots-nav ms-theme-default-base\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"New Slideshow\" data-height=\"300\" data-width=\"700\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_5575\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_5575\">\n            <ul aria-live='off' class='slides'>\n                <li style=\"display: block; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5579 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"400-X-180cdr-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/mains\/upsc-qep-2026-batch-5-english\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/400-X-180cdr-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5579 msDefaultImage\" title=\"400 X 180cdr\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5580 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"pocket-notes-website-400x180-1-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/upsc-cse-books\/qep-pocket-notes-2.0\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pocket-notes-website-400x180-1-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5580 msDefaultImage\" title=\"pocket-notes-website-400x180\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-5581 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-10-11 11:47:58\" data-filename=\"web-site-banner-toppers-book.-400x180-1-scaled-700x300.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/upsc-cse-books\/toppers-handwritten-upsc-pyq-4-books\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/web-site-banner-toppers-book.-400x180-1-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"300\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-5575 slide-5581 msDefaultImage\" title=\"web site banner toppers book. 400x180\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mineral_Resources_in_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Mineral Resources in Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh has significant mineral resources, though not as diverse as some other states. It primarily produces limestone, coal, and silica sand, supporting industries like cement, glass, and construction.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Mineral Resource<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Major Mining Areas \/ Districts<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details \/ Notes<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Limestone<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mirzapur, Sonbhadra, Chitrakoot<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Key raw material for cement plants (Jaypee, UltraTech).<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Major deposits in Vindhyan region.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Coal<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Sonbhadra<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Singrauli Coalfield (shared with MP) powers North India\u2019s thermal plants.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Silica Sand<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mathura, Hathras, Firozabad<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Used in glass manufacturing (Firozabad is the &#8220;Glass City of India&#8221;).<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Dolomite<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mirzapur, Sonbhadra<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Used in steel and cement industries.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Bauxite<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Banda, Lalitpur<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Limited reserves, used in aluminium production.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Key Notes on UP&#8217;s Mineral Wealth<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Sonbhadra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the primary mining hub for <\/span><b>coal and limestone<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, supporting energy and cement industries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Firozabad<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is India\u2019s largest <\/span><b>glass manufacturing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> center, using locally sourced silica sand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mirzapur<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Sonbhadra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contribute significantly to <\/span><b>cement production<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in North India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Are you preparing for UPSC 2026?<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/courses\/prelims\/prelims-samadhaan-mentorship-2025?utm_source=website&amp;utm_medium=home_page&amp;utm_campaign=course\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Join IAShub&#8217;s UPSC coaching batches<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to boost your preparation. Enroll now!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unique_and_Notable_Facts_About_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><b>Unique and Notable Facts About Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>&#8220;Sugar Bowl of India&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Largest producer of <\/span><b>sugarcane<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>sugar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>&#8220;Hindi Heartland&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Birthplace of <\/span><b>Hindi literature<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>classical music<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Banaras Gharana).<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Religious Tourism Hub<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Home to <\/span><b>Varanasi (Kashi), Ayodhya (Ram Janmabhoomi), Mathura-Vrindavan (Krishna\u2019s birthplace)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>UNESCO Sites<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Taj Mahal (Agra), Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Startup Growth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Noida &amp; Lucknow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> among India\u2019s fastest-growing tech hubs.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Defense &amp; Aerospace<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Kanpur &amp; Lucknow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> host HAL, DRDO, and BrahMos units.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Agricultural Powerhouse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Top producer of <\/span><b>wheat, potatoes, and milk<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h3><b>Ganga River Lifeline<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Supports agriculture and hydropower via <\/span><b>Narora &amp; Tehri dams<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uttar_Pradesh_FAQs\"><\/span><b>Uttar Pradesh FAQs<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<style>#sp-ea-4384 .spcollapsing { height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-property: height;transition-duration: 300ms;}#sp-ea-4384{ position: relative; }#sp-ea-4384 .ea-card{ opacity: 0;}#eap-preloader-4384{ position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; height: 100%;width: 100%; text-align: center;display: flex; align-items: center;justify-content: center;}#sp-ea-4384.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px solid #e2e2e2; }#sp-ea-4384.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a {color: #444;}#sp-ea-4384.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.sp-collapse>.ea-body {background: #fff; color: #444;}#sp-ea-4384.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {background: #eee;}#sp-ea-4384.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a .ea-expand-icon { float: left; color: #444;font-size: 16px;}.sp-ea-one.sp-easy-accordion .sp-ea-single .ea-header a {\r\n  padding: 7px;\r\n  background: #fff;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.sp-easy-accordion .sp-ea-single .ea-header a {\r\n  font-size: 1rem;\r\n}\r\n.sp-ea-one.sp-easy-accordion .sp-ea-single .ea-header a .ea-expand-icon {\r\n  font-size: 1rem;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.sp-easy-accordion .sp-ea-single .ea-header a .ea-expand-icon {\r\n  margin-right: 0px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.sp-easy-accordion .sp-ea-single{\r\n background: #fff;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.ea-expand a{\r\n  background: #cfe2ff !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.sp-easy-accordion{\r\n  margin-bottom: 1rem;\r\n  margin-top: 1rem;\r\n}<\/style><div id=\"sp_easy_accordion-1752048235\"><div id=\"sp-ea-4384\" class=\"sp-ea-one sp-easy-accordion\" data-ea-active=\"ea-click\" data-ea-mode=\"vertical\" data-preloader=\"1\" data-scroll-active-item=\"1\" data-offset-to-scroll=\"0\"><div id=\"eap-preloader-4384\" class=\"accordion-preloader\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-content\/plugins\/easy-accordion-free\/public\/assets\/ea_loader.svg\" alt=\"Loader image\"\/><\/div><div class=\"ea-card ea-expand sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-43840\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse43840\" aria-controls=\"collapse43840\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-minus\"><\/i> What are the major historical landmarks in Uttar Pradesh?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse collapsed show\" id=\"collapse43840\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-4384\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-43840\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Uttar Pradesh is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the iconic Taj Mahal, the massive Agra Fort, and the magnificent Fatehpur Sikri. The state also boasts the sacred ghats of Varanasi along the Ganges River and the grand Imambaras of Lucknow. These landmarks showcase the rich historical and architectural heritage of the region.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-43841\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse43841\" aria-controls=\"collapse43841\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Why is Uttar Pradesh called the \"Sugar Bowl of India\"?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse43841\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-4384\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-43841\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Uttar Pradesh earns this title as it produces over 40% of India's sugarcane and accounts for nearly half of the country's sugar production. The fertile western districts like Meerut and Muzaffarnagar have numerous sugar mills. This massive production makes UP the undisputed leader in India's sugar industry.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-43842\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse43842\" aria-controls=\"collapse43842\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Which are the major rivers flowing through Uttar Pradesh?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse43842\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-4384\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-43842\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sacred Ganga flows through important cities like Varanasi and Prayagraj, where it meets the Yamuna at Triveni Sangam. The Yamuna river passes through Mathura and Agra, while the Ghaghara and Gomti nourish the fertile plains. These rivers are vital for agriculture and hold deep religious significance.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-43843\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse43843\" aria-controls=\"collapse43843\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> What makes Uttar Pradesh's economy unique?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse43843\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-4384\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-43843\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">UP has a diverse economy with agriculture as its backbone, being India's top producer of food grains and milk. The state has emerging IT hubs in Noida and established industries like leather in Kanpur and glass in Firozabad. Tourism centered around the Taj Mahal and religious sites also contributes significantly.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-43844\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse43844\" aria-controls=\"collapse43844\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> What are UP's key cultural highlights?<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse \" id=\"collapse43844\" data-parent=\"#sp-ea-4384\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-43844\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state hosts grand events like the Kumbh Mela, the world's largest religious gathering. Traditional arts include Banarasi silk weaving, Lucknow's Chikankari embroidery, and the graceful Kathak dance. Festivals like Holi in Mathura showcase the region's vibrant living traditions.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Know About Uttar Pradesh: Explore Its Map, 75 Districts, Rich History, Polity, Culture, Tribes, Major Rivers Like Ganga And Yamuna, National Parks, And Demographic Strength. Discover India\u2019s Most Populous State And Cultural Heartland In Detail.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4392,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4383"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5949,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions\/5949"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theiashub.com\/upsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}